The dbx 160 taught the industry what a VCA compressor could do. This is its web-born descendant — drag the controls, hear the difference in real time.
The level a signal has to cross before compression kicks in. Set it low and even quiet passages get squeezed; set it high and only the loudest peaks are affected.
How hard the compressor squeezes once the signal is over the threshold. A 4:1 ratio means 4 dB over the threshold comes out as only 1 dB over — raise it for a more obvious effect.
How quickly the compressor responds after a signal crosses the threshold. A fast attack clamps down on transients immediately; a slow attack lets the initial punch through before it kicks in.
How quickly the compressor lets go once the signal drops back below the threshold. A fast release can pump and breathe with the music; a slow release keeps the sound smoother and more even.
Compression lowers the overall level, so makeup gain brings the volume back up afterward — letting you compare the compressed sound to the original at a similar loudness.